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Clearing the Fog: How Hormone Treatment Can Improve Brain Health During Menopause

Menopause is a period of immense biological change for women. Once eggs stop being developed and periods end, estrogen, a key sex hormone, is no longer produced at the same levels it once was. This change in ovarian function leaves women living one-third of their lives in an estrogen-deficient state. Without estrogen, major systems fall…
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Motherhood Takes Guts: How the Maternal Intestine Grows During Pregnancy

The intestine has the remarkable ability to grow and change under the pressure of demanding conditions. Previous work examining intestinal plasticity has shown the response to nutrient excess/depletion, changes in the microbiome, and tissue damage. However, one large causal factor has been historically overlooked–pregnancy. The lining of the intestine has dynamic crypts and villi that…